Definition:
p53 is a tumor suppressor protein that plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle, DNA repair, and apoptosis (programmed cell death). It is often referred to as the "guardian of the genome" because of its role in preventing genetic mutations.
Phonetic Pronunciation:
(pee-fifty-three)
Etymological Origin:
The term "p53" originates from the protein's molecular weight, approximately 53 kilodaltons, as determined in early studies. The "p" stands for "protein." It was first identified in the late 1970s and has since been extensively studied in cancer biology.
Significance in Asbestos Context:
p53 is significant in the context of asbestos exposure because mutations in the p53 gene are commonly found in asbestos-related cancers, such as mesothelioma and lung cancer. Asbestos fibers can cause DNA damage, and when p53 is mutated or inactivated, the cell's ability to repair this damage or undergo apoptosis is compromised. This allows for the accumulation of genetic mutations, contributing to cancer development. Understanding p53's role is crucial in asbestos litigation and research, as it provides insights into the mechanisms of asbestos-induced carcinogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
Synonyms or Related Terms:
Example Sentence:
"Mutations in the p53 gene are frequently observed in mesothelioma patients, highlighting its critical role in the development of asbestos-related cancers."
Common Misconceptions:
