Definition:
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates cell growth, differentiation, immune responses, and tissue repair. It plays a critical role in fibrosis and inflammation, particularly in the lungs.
Phonetic Pronunciation:
(trans-FORM-ing GROH-th FAK-tor BAY-tuh)
Etymological Origin:
The term "transforming growth factor" was coined to describe its ability to induce cellular transformation in early studies. "Beta" refers to one of the three isoforms of the protein (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3). The term has roots in Latin and Greek: "transforming" from Latin transformare (to change shape), "growth" from Old English growan (to grow), and "beta" from the Greek letter β, indicating its classification.
Significance in Asbestos Context:
TGF-β is significant in the context of asbestos exposure because it is heavily involved in the fibrotic response seen in diseases like asbestosis. Asbestos fibers can stimulate the production of TGF-β in lung cells, leading to excessive extracellular matrix deposition and scarring (fibrosis). This cytokine also contributes to the progression of mesothelioma by promoting tumor growth and suppressing immune responses, making it a key target for research and potential therapies in asbestos-related diseases.
Synonyms or Related Terms:
Example Sentence:
"Exposure to asbestos fibers triggers the release of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), which plays a central role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis and other asbestos-related conditions."
Common Misconceptions:
