WT-1 (Wilms Tumor 1)

Definition:
WT-1 (Wilms Tumor 1) is a gene that encodes a protein involved in regulating cell growth and development, particularly in the kidneys and gonads. It is also a biomarker used in diagnosing certain cancers, including mesothelioma.

Phonetic Pronunciation:
(dub-uhl-yoo-tee-wuhn)

Etymological Origin:
The term "WT-1" originates from the discovery of the Wilms tumor, a type of kidney cancer primarily affecting children. The gene was named after this tumor because mutations in WT-1 were first identified in patients with Wilms tumor. The "1" denotes its classification as the first gene associated with this condition.

Significance in Asbestos Context:
WT-1 is significant in the asbestos context because it is commonly expressed in malignant mesothelioma, a cancer strongly linked to asbestos exposure. Testing for WT-1 expression helps pathologists confirm a mesothelioma diagnosis, which is critical for treatment planning and asbestos-related litigation. Its role as a diagnostic marker makes it a key tool in identifying asbestos-related malignancies.

Synonyms or Related Terms:

• Wilms Tumor Gene
• WT1 Protein
• Mesothelioma Biomarker

Example Sentence:
"WT-1 expression was detected in the patient's tumor, confirming the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma, a cancer associated with asbestos exposure."

Common Misconceptions:

• Misconception: WT-1 is only relevant to childhood kidney cancer.
  Clarification: While WT-1 was initially discovered in relation to Wilms tumor, it is also a critical biomarker for other cancers, including mesothelioma, which is linked to asbestos exposure.
• Misconception: WT-1 mutations are the sole cause of mesothelioma.
  Clarification: WT-1 is a diagnostic marker for mesothelioma but is not the cause of the disease. Mesothelioma is primarily caused by asbestos exposure.