Physiological Considerations Of The Problem Of Estimating Disability In Silicosis - (1939)

Authors: W.S. McCann
Link to Study:

Understanding Disability in Silicosis: Insights for Asbestos-Related Legal Cases

Abstract

The article "Physiological Considerations Of The Problem Of Estimating Disability In Silicosis" by William S. McCann, presented at the Fourth Saranac Laboratory Symposium on Silicosis in 1939, explores the challenges of assessing disability in individuals affected by silicosis. It delves into the physiological mechanisms of respiration, the role of fibrosis and emphysema in respiratory impairment, and the difficulty of correlating symptoms like dyspnea (difficulty breathing) with measurable disability. McCann emphasizes the need for objective assessments, such as pulmonary function tests, to accurately evaluate the impact of occupational lung diseases. While the article focuses on silicosis, its findings have significant implications for understanding and litigating asbestos-related diseases.

Legal Relevance

McCann's work provides a valuable framework for legal arguments in asbestos-related cases, particularly in establishing causation and the extent of disability. Key points include:

  1. Evidence Pathways: The article highlights the importance of objective physiological assessments, such as pulmonary function tests, in determining the degree of disability caused by occupational lung diseases. This supports the argument that asbestos exposure, like silica exposure, can lead to measurable respiratory impairment.

  2. Occupational History Relevance: McCann underscores the need to link functional disability to occupational exposure. This is critical in asbestos-related cases, where establishing a clear connection between workplace exposure and health outcomes is essential for compensation claims.

  3. Counterarguments to Defense Claims: The article challenges the notion that symptoms alone are sufficient for assessing disability. This can counter defense arguments that downplay the severity of asbestos-related diseases by emphasizing the need for thorough and standardized medical evaluations.

  4. Historical Awareness of Occupational Risks: McCann's discussion of silicosis reflects a broader historical understanding of occupational lung diseases. This can be used to argue that industries using asbestos should have been aware of the risks and implemented protective measures to prevent exposure.

Occupation Groups at Risk

While the article focuses on silicosis, its findings are relevant to occupations with potential exposure to both silica and asbestos. These include:

  • Construction Workers: Frequently exposed to asbestos in insulation, roofing, and cement products, as well as silica in concrete and masonry.
  • Shipyard Workers: Encounter asbestos in shipbuilding materials and may also face silica exposure during abrasive blasting.
  • Industrial Workers: Exposed to asbestos in manufacturing and machinery, alongside silica in foundries and metalworking.
  • Boiler and Furnace Workers: Risk exposure to asbestos in insulation and silica in refractory materials.
  • Heavy Equipment Operators: May encounter asbestos and silica during excavation or demolition activities.
  • Oil and Gas Workers: Potential exposure to silica during hydraulic fracturing (fracking) operations, with some risk of asbestos in older equipment or facilities.

These groups are at high risk due to prolonged exposure to harmful dusts, underscoring the need for protective measures and accountability in these industries.

Current Medical Understanding

McCann's insights remain relevant today, as modern medicine continues to recognize the interplay of fibrosis and emphysema in respiratory impairment. Advances in diagnostic tools, such as high-resolution imaging and pulmonary function tests, have improved the ability to assess and manage asbestos-related disabilities. The article's emphasis on objective assessments aligns with current practices in evaluating the impact of occupational lung diseases.

Citation

McCann, W. S. (1939). Physiological Considerations Of The Problem Of Estimating Disability In Silicosis. Fourth Saranac Laboratory Symposium on Silicosis.

National Library of Medicine Link

While no direct link to this specific article is available, readers can explore related resources on occupational lung diseases at the National Library of Medicine: PubMed.

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